Dandruff and
Seborrheic Dermatitis
Overview:
Dandruff (also known as
Pityriasis capitis) is a common condition caused by an excessive shedding of
the dead skin cells
(keratinocytes) of the scalp. The epidermis is the outermost layer,
consisting of skin cells. These cells are
continually being shed & renewed approximately
every month, however cell turnover is much more
frequent in people with dandruff.
Common causes
of dandruff & seborrheic dermatitis include;
-
Malassezia globosa
(formerly known as
Pityrosporum
ovale).
This is a naturally occurring fungus found
on humans & animals. [1]
-
Sebum production. [1]
-
Individual
susceptibility. [1]
-
Exposure to heat & cold.
-
Allergic
reaction to certain hair products such as
shampoo, hairspray etc.
Dandruff
symptoms?
The main symptom of dandruff is flaking. Other
symptoms of dandruff include;
The latter two symptoms are symptoms of a more
severe form of dandruff known as
Seborrheic dermatitis.
Other parts of the body such as the chest, folds
of the nose & eyebrows may also be affected with
seborrheic dermatitis.
Dandruff
treatment?
Treatment for
dandruff and seborrheic
dermatitis may involve the following;
-
Anti-seborrheic
shampoos - These contain an ingredient to
remove excess sebum & reduce irritation. The
active ingredients in these shampoos may
vary from brand to brand but most will
contain one of the following; salicylic
acid, tar, sulfur and propylene glycol.
After the shampoo has been applied &
lathered up, leave on the hair for
approximately 10 minutes before rinsing off.
-
Anti-fungal
shampoos containing the anti-fungal agent
containing ketoconazole.
-
Topical
corticosteroids to relieve inflammation &
itching.
References:
[1]
Malassezia globosia
