Oral thrush (Oral Candidiasis)

Overview:

Oral thrush refers to candidiasis in the mouths of babies. In adults, it is known as candidiasis or moniliasis, oral thrush is a common infection of the mucous membranes of the mouth. It is caused by a fungus, most commonly Candida albicans. The fungus can affect many parts of the body, most commonly the mouth & vagina.

Oral thrush is commonly seen in young babies, but anybody can be affected. Babies can pass on the infection to their mothers during nursing causing nipple pain. This can then be passed back & fourth unless both mother & baby are treated at the same time.

The fungus is naturally occurring & is commonly present on our bodies without showing any ill effects as our immune system & other fauna (such as bacteria) keeps it under control. However, in some cases the fungus begins go grow unchecked. This occurs for a variety of reasons including;

• Pregnancy
• Use of inhaled corticosteroids
• Diabetes
• Medications such as antibiotics or the pill
• People with dentures
• Compromised immune system (immunosuppressive drugs, HIV, cancer treatment etc).

Symptoms of oral thrush:

• Thick, white to cream coloured, raised curd like  patches in the mouth. The outer edges may appear red & inflamed.  The patches do not come off easily if they are scraped, and if they do, you will notice redness underneath & possible bleeding.
• Burning & pain in the mouth.
• Loss of taste.
• Some adults complain of a bad taste in their mouth.

Treatment of oral thrush:

Many cases of oral thrush are mild & don’t require treatment. However, your doctor may prescribe an oral antifungal medication.

Nursing mothers may also need to apply topical antifungal medication to their nipples.

Avoid sugar & excess alcohol.

Eat yoghurt as this contains helpful bacteria.